Is your child acting out? Or could there be an underlying reason behind their behaviour?
In the past, children who struggled to communicate or follow instructions were often labelled as “naughty” or “difficult.” Today, we understand that some of these behaviours may actually be signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a developmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts, and experiences the world.
Although awareness of autism is growing in Malaysia, many children remain undiagnosed or misunderstood. Recognising the early signs allows parents to seek help sooner and ensure their child receives the right support.
Autism can look different from one child to another. Some signs appear in infancy or toddlerhood, while others become more noticeable in school-age years when social and communication demands increase.
Observing your child’s developmental milestones closely and trusting your instincts are keys to identifying early signs.
Signs of autism can often appear before age 3, though some may become clearer as the child grows older. Early recognition gives children the best chance to benefit from support and intervention.
You may notice your child:
Does not respond when their name is called.
Avoids eye contact or physical affection.
Does not smile back when you smile at them.
Becomes upset by certain sounds, textures, or smells.
Repeats movements such as hand-flapping, finger-flicking, or rocking.
Speaks less than other children of the same age.
Shows little interest in pretend play or social interaction.
Repeats words or phrases (echolalia).
If you notice several of these signs consistently, consider discussing them with your paediatrician for an early developmental screening.
As children grow, signs of autism may present differently, especially when they begin school or social activities that require more complex communication and emotional understanding.
Older children with autism may:
Struggle to understand others’ thoughts or feelings.
Speak in unusual tones or patterns, or talk “at” rather than “with” others.
Depend heavily on strict routines and become distressed if these change.
Show intense interest in specific topics or hobbies.
Get upset when asked to do something unexpected.
Find it hard to make friends or prefer being alone.
Take expressions literally (for example, not understanding “break a leg”).
Have difficulty expressing emotions or understanding jokes and sarcasm.
Autism in girls can be harder to detect because many mask or mimic socially expected behaviours to fit in.
Girls with autism may:
Copy how other children play or speak to blend in.
Withdraw quietly from overwhelming situations.
Appear to cope well socially but feel exhausted afterwards.
Show fewer repetitive or obvious behaviours.
As a result, autism in girls may go unnoticed or be diagnosed later, even though support at an earlier stage could make a big difference.
If you notice signs that concern you, consult a medical professional such as a paediatrician, developmental specialist, or child psychologist.
Before your appointment:
Record examples of your child’s behaviours or reactions.
Include feedback from teachers or caregivers.
Bring any developmental records or screening results.
If you’re still uncertain after an initial assessment, seek a second opinion. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve communication, learning, and social outcomes.
Most importantly, stay patient and supportive, even if your child seems distant. Your presence and encouragement matter deeply in their world.
In the past, children with autism were often misunderstood and denied the support they needed. Today, with greater awareness and access to information, parents can make a difference by learning, observing, and acting early.
No matter how busy life gets, remember that understanding your child is the first step towards helping them thrive.
At Prince Court Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur, our experienced team of paediatricians and paediatrics occupational therapists provide comprehensive care for neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Let us support you and your child in achieving better health, development, and quality of life.
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